THE STANCE OF ABI- ATTAIEB ALMUTANABI FROM HIS ENVIOUS RIVALS (303-354 AH)
Hashim
Salih Manna
Director of the Center for Linguistic Studies and Research and Translation / Ajman University / United Arab Emirates.
author
text
article
2013
ara
The peculiar character of Almutanabi and his art has caused a great and vast dispute among the political، the social and the artistic entities. Since this poet strove very hard to build a society that is based on excellent ethics and virtuous values. He used to enjoy numerous attributes، a number of poets were lacking. Some of which are the following: his ambitions، his aspirations، his dreams، his eloquence، his self-confidence، his excellent individuality compared to his peers، his distinguished and unique character compared to the youths in his generation، his physical power، his aspiration، his determination، his chivalrous character، his genius mind، his skills، his self-esteem and superciliousness، his noble character in refusing to indulge in west-time circles، and his refusal to describe other than kings and princes (only those who enjoy haughty characters)، i.e. those whom he prescribed on them his specific conditions- these conditions which no poet dared to lay down before him nor after him، and they (kings and princes) accepted these conditions and not only they accepted them but also they were eager to gain his pleasure in the hope to be described in one of his sublime poems. Due to all the previous، the envious -gloating/rejoicing over another’s grief (schadenfreude)- rivals started to plot against him، and feel rancor towards him، and accuse him with false accusations، because he stood as an obstacle between them and the ruling class، and because of him they were deprived from the prizes and gifts، and he was a cause in the ignorance of their poems and their being driven away from the courts of such (kings and princes)، because such poets failed to keep up or compete with him. Almutanabi discovered them and showed the reasons of their jealousy، and despite of that sometimes he just ignored them and sometimes he found excuses for them، but in other times – when he saw their persistent envy، their ignorant minds، their corruption، and their trifle conducts have extended and spread and started bothering him when reached to the men of power he retaliated with might and harshness so that he may repulse them and cause them to shut their faces up، and convince them، but in doing that he never cursed them nor used bad language with them، and in doing that he kept his excellent principles and great ethics that he subscribes to and believes in، understanding the lofty position he and his art occupy in the hearts of all the just people، the readers of his poetry.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
1
46
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82986_736b9e15be262740df55a5817c7855e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82986
The Didactic Approach in: Al-FaDa Al-MuDii'a Fi Sharih Al-Shadhra Al-dhahabiya
Nawfal
Al-Rawi
Department of Arabic Language / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The present paper reviews the didactic approach that is followed in The book entitled: Al-FaDa Al-MuDii'a Fi Sharih Al-Shadhra Al- (Dhahabiya)Authorad by Abn Zaid Al-'Aatiki (D. 870A. H.). We managed to figure out this approach relying on a descriptive study. It Falls into three parts . The first parts deals with the fundamentals of Syntactic lesson reviewing hearsay rules، comparisons، consensually Agreed rules among the linguists…… etc. In this part we have discovered the way whereby the author dealt his students in away that Services his students easily. the second part tackles the sources of the lesson، that we uncover in this approach depending on two tables: the first table is for the personal names and the second for the books the author used to recite from . Themethod comesvery consistent with the didactic approach followed by the author. The third part is entitled with "stylistic features in explaining grammar" . It highlights the most remarkable features of the didactic authoring of book like: definitions،perspicuity، easiness، shortness، pleonasm، syntactic disagreements……etc.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
47
84
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82988_2b75876072dc6d7e67a25ef51b6e5f95.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82988
Kalla ‘No’ in Glorious Qur’an: Semantico-Syntactico Study
Abdul-Jabbar
A. Salih
Department of Arabic Language / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
This study aims at identifying different meanings of the response particle (kalla) ‘No’ and tracing its usage in the glorious Quran. Kalla had many functions: negating, restraining and repelling what precedes it and confirming what follows it. Negation with Kalla differs from other negation particles; it denotes that what precedes it cannot be, at any rate, true whereas other particles negate the action without wondering about its reliability. Therefore, unlike other particles, the negated action precedes Kalla, and the sentence that follows it usually signifies confirmation, swearing, reassuring the audience/hearer and restraining which requires a reaction to a positive context some scholars count Kalla as having the meaning of ‘yes’ in fact, just the opposite, Kalla means ‘no’; it negates the positive ness of an action.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
85
94
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82989_024822b6d8841584adf79ac29529c8ef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82989
The Proposal Style in Prophet's Tradition From a Dialogue Kaised by AL- Sahba
Hana`
M. Shihab
Department of Arabic Language / College of Education / University of Mosul.
author
Ra`ad
Rifat M. Mawlood
Department of Arabic Language / College of Languages / Koya University.
author
text
article
2013
ara
This research deals with the proposalistic style in the prophetic tradition (Hadith).Proposal style In the prophetic tradition is one of the most important aspects of sacred literature whose semantics and over tones have long occupied the interest of Arabic's, Arab grammarians and semanticians. The research contains the dialogue Al-Sahaba started with the prophet included of three types .
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
95
132
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82990_c288f8f20f5ead4f74816539d81d010e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82990
Effectiveness of poetry and the delegation of the senses to reveal the meanings of language in the poetry of Antar al-Absi
Shaimaa
Mohamed Idris
Department of Arabic Language / College of Education / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
The present work tackles the distinguished artistic pictures in Ankara's poetry these pictures add momentum to the communicative and connotational functions through interacting with the audience's background Knowledge . New meanings are originated in this way in the readers` imagination in the light of the context built by the text .
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
133
164
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82992_228713bf55cee9345f15a671f17ba53a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82992
The Conception of Harvesting Water in The Glorious Qur'an
Ahmeed
Ameer Sultaan
Department of Arabic Language / College of Education for Girls / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
This research reviews the conception of (HarvestingWater) in a modern scientific point of view ; dependingon Arabic and foreign scientific references. This researchpresents the components of harvesting water systemsrelating them scientifically and thoroughly with verses of theGlorious Qur'an , particularly verses from Al-Naml surah: "Ishe (not best) who made the earth astable ground and placedwithin it rivers and mad for it firmly set mountains and placedbetween the two seas a barrier? (No), but most of them do notknow. "
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
165
188
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82993_0cf42694874335a40e840507c57b30d0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82993
The Rhetorical Function of using Oath by(Ta'a) in the Holy Quran
Omar
khalil hamdoon
Department of Quran Sciences and Islamic Education / College of Education / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
. The present paper is divided in to five sections preceded by most important finding arrived at by the researcher The first section seals with oath from language to terminology The second section is devoted to discussing the (Ta'a) of Oath.The third section tackles the Oath by (Ta'a) in the Quranic narrations. The fourth section is concerned with the use of oath within the descriptions of some conditions of Doomsday-Finally the fifth section deals with the use of explicit oath by(Ta'a).
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
189
218
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82994_d1f8cbae86516263d7c2a76dfda4ff3d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82994
Description in The Stories (Village Talks) by Maroon Abud
Bassam
Khalf Sleiman Al-Hamdani
College of Physical Education / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
The Lebanese Artist Maroon Abud is Chosen as domain of This research, because his stories have cohesive artistically techniques, among which is description. Moreover, his stories have descriptive Parts with different shapes and expressions. For this reason, this research is concerned with the analysis of descriptive parts clarifying the artistic and esthetic dimensions, and revealing The meanings resulting. This research is divided into an introduction and four ports. The introduction specifies the description concept, its function, and its relation with narration. The first part of the research deals with the study of description confined by narration which includes the description narration and the description directed by narration with its three types: simple description. compound description, and separated description. The second part tackles the description including description related with internal emotions, and description referring to action. The third and fourth part are specified for the study of the classifying and expression description.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
219
244
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_82996_cc1f05c5549ce3e15be5e6e337bfcb05.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.82996
Ali Ibn Mohammad Al-Antaky: The Philologist His Life and Scientific Influence Heritage
Khaz’al
Yaseen Mustafa.
History Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The scientific movement in Al-Andalus began to be developed and spread in the fourth century. In this century, sciences and knowledge reached a high stage of improvement and became the most common subjects for scientists particularly when scientists from other Muslim countries took part in the movement to gain high positions. The philologist Ali Ibn Mohammad living in Antakya was one of those who came to Al-Andalus in (352A. H. / 963A. D.). He gained a high position on the part of the public and those in authority. He brought with him mental sciences of his city was famous and was said to be a heritage of Grice in philosophy and wisdom. He also brought religious books from scientific centers of the Islamic world. He played a great role in improving the scientific movement together with the inhabitants of Al-Andalus. He taught them various kinds of sciences so that to become prominent figures in Al-Andalus. He died in Kurtuba in (377A. H. / 987A. D.).
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
245
266
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83026_406ba68a6e0555affb63c73130cf5777.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83026
The Political Reforming Role of Prince Aragon Aqa in the Mongol State (٦٢٣-٦٧٣ AH/ ١٢٢٥-١٢٧٥ AD)
Ragd
Abd-Alkreem Ahmad
History Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The present work tackles the political and reforming roleof Prince Aragon Aqa in the Mongol State between the seconddecade and the advent of the seventh decade of the seventhcentury AH/the thirteenth century AD. It concentrates on theprince’s role in laying the foundation of the rule of KhanToorakna Khatoon and her son Kyook Khan. It tackles as wellhis role in the economic reformation during Manko Khan’sreign, the Hulague- led Mangolian campaign against Baghdadin ٦٥٦AH/ ١٢٥٨ AD and resisting Khan Buraq al-Jaghai whoinvaded Khurasan during Abaq Khan’s reign. The studyoccluded that Prince Aragon Aqa was a savior in all theseevents for the Khans he worked with until his death in ٦٧٣ AH/٢٧٥ AD.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
267
296
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83027_aae73ba8239e5ef12483e9e3963317d5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83027
Saad Ibn Ubada The Carrier Al-Ansar Banner
Ikhlas
Abed-AL-Razak Mahmod
History Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The prophet's companions are the persons who made the sacrifices, served Islam and the messenger of Allah Mohammed peace be upon him. So, they (the prophet's companions) were the ideal and example and were highly sincere and dedicated to their ideology represented by Islam. Saad Ibn Ubadah was one of those great companions. He was an example of the men who were known to be of strong characters, generosity, bravery and dignity. Saad Ibn Ubadah contributed to the establish meaty the Islamic State in Yathrib before the immigration of prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) as he was the leader of Saa'ida clan which belonged to AlKhazraj tribe in addition to his participations in all the events with the prophet.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
297
318
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83028_4ce8757c5541819d324b7901830fcf6e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83028
The Role of Social Scholars in Educational and Well-fare Institutions: An Analytical Descriptive Social Study
Hani
Ahmed Al-Dabagh
Department of Sociology / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The paper aims at investigating weather working conditions can possibly affect the worker’s performance and motives as well. The research sample consists of 105 workers chosen randomly. A two part questionnaire is utilized as a research tool. The first part represents general information while the second represents questions answered by the sample. Through utilizing statistical methods, the study concludes that working conditions affect the worker’s health and production. Hence, the researcher recommends taking care of the workers through providing the suitable working atmosphere in order to insure their health and comfort as well as increasing their production.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
319
346
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83080_521cfff68baf0699b662b082f588f32c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83080
Professions and Crafts and their Relation with Diseases A Field Study in Mosul City
Abdul Razzaq
Salih Mahmoud
Department of Sociology / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The research aims at revealing the negative healthy and physical impacts, resulted from practicing some Professions and crafts, on the practitioners, and defining their causes. The research sample involves (120) individuals, who practice various Professions and crafts in Mosul city. The researcher relied upon questionnaire as a main instrument to collect the data required The research reached to a results that there are three groups of diseases the research sample was infected with whether immediately or with the passing of time according to their gravity, The first group: the diseases of vertebrae, backbone, and articulations. The second group: fractures, wounds, burns, amputations and so on. The third group: audiovisual problems.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
347
380
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83092_863729d05730e8c0e8973042de2e599a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83092
The Role of Family in juvenile delinquency A Field Study in Duhok Governorate
Nibal
Fawzi Mahmood
Department of Sociology / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
Juvenile delinquency is one of the social phenomena that are in existence for long . It affects both the undeveloped and developed societies. Historically, there have been different perspectives toward this problem; since a delinquent person is convicted and must be inhibited. By developing the human scientific view, a delinquent is classified as a normal human with all his/her features and characteristics, but his/her conditions lead him to such headless behaviors. Accordingly, it has been decided to tackle this topic in order to shed light on the role of family and its relations in juvenile delinquency; since the family represents the corner stone of behaviors guidance throughout bringing up during the various stages of age from childhood till adulthood. As for conclusions, they are as follows: 1.The number of family members has a great role in juvenile delinquency; since 74.36% of the subjects were related to big families. 2.The economic level has an obvious role in juvenile delinquency; since 46.15% of the subjects were suffering from poverty. 3.The crack cases gave a fixed role in juvenile delinquency; since 71.79% of the subjects pointed and that the marital relations were not good. To add, parents' bad treatment had a great impact on juvenile delinquency, where 76.92% of the subjects were suffering from negligence. 4.The educational level of parents had a clear impact on juvenile delinquency, where 34.58% of the subjects' parents were uneducated, and 51.28% of the subjects' mothers were uneducated.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
381
404
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83103_743491c1d351ebd978e9c05dccbec7c0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83103
Children's Satellite Channels and Role in the Social Development from Parent's Perspective Social Field Study in the City of Mosul
Nora.
m. Ali
Department of Sociology / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
Children's satellite channels have become the most effective media on parents and children alike in terms of the entertaining and educational programs and cartoons there channels broad cast. These channels with their effective force home become a fierce competitor against the parents in the directed social children raising process. The parents even realized the seriousness of this device that they began to use it as a means for reward and punishment. The results of the field study also highlight that several families in the city of Mosul readied that it is not possible to ignore the effects of this great device. The parents also need to keep a close eye on their children while watching TV and continuously direct them towards educational programs that enhance the child intellectually. The parents also need to teach the child what he is allowed to watch and what is banned and explain the reasons behind these decisions.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
405
436
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83110_c43ce7209544cb9cc5b3de64404fe46b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83110
Orient a lists' Efforts in serving The Heritage of Arab In Islamic Manuscript
Rayd
Ameer Abdalla
Philosophy Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The study dealt with some of the earliest Orient lists who took care about manuscripts، from different schools and shed lights on their contribution in study and publish them، and it was clear that the Orientalists were the first in collecting، preserving، manuscripts، restoring and checking them before Arab. The study sunup their methods،and styles taking of manuscripts، and became of the scientific and technical ralue of them،it be cam the interest of great number of Orient lists. they used all approaches، valid and invalid to gain this heritage in this study we attracted the attention of the researchers about the importance of the manuscript heritage، and discover they way and system of Orient lists in dealing with manuscripts we have reached that not all what Orient list had achieved is acceptable، because there were in it some good and others bad، in addition to that it was acceptable at that time because there. was no Arabian alternative work، but when the scientific morement to revive of Arab scientists and in restigator have come out in this field، and too many of them prove superior than the Orientalists. Praise be to Allah in the worldly life and the Here after.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
437
466
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83152_4bd3016f18dac0ca7cfe39dd0b4fbb10.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83152
Chariots of Gods and Kings؛ the Babylonian and Assyrian Records
Mohammad
Hamza Hussein Al-Ta'ee
Faculty of Archeology / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
The study of the chariots of gods and kings in ancient Iraq in the light of the Babylonian and Assyrian writings has a great impact on the archaeological studies. It highlights a fundamental aspect of the two systems i.e. divine and royal that prevailed in Babylonia and Assyria for a long time. Chariots had a great importance for gods and kings notably insculptures murals and cuneiform writings. Chariots of gods and kings were the most valuable and beautiful as they were lavishly inlaid with gold silver and jewels although such materials were rare at that time; the best wood was used as well. Chariots were used in various fields. In wars where they were skillfully used as crucial weapons that helped win victories. They were used too in rituals rites myths and hunting.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
467
492
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83159_d9d58874aa881018a0681060e4312cf1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83159
Children's Toys in Ancient Iraq Society
Sabah
Hameed youni`s
Faculty of Archeology / University of Mosul.
author
text
article
2013
ara
It is suggested here that ancient Mesopotamians were creative in all aspects of life and they gave every aspect of life the importance it deserves . It is no surprise that they paid attention to the psychological and recreational as pat of society as a whole by providing entertaining facilities . We can see that they paid great attention to this side and allocated places about which no detailed information in avoidable ، there is scanty information about playing places ، but as far as its manufacturing is concerned especially children toys we have very little in formation about it . It is possible that some of these toys were made by poor families at home using simple material which are usually available at their homes like cloth etc . They earned a living by selling such toys . However ، toys that were made at workshops of the raw materials which were available in Mesopotamia such as stone ،they etc .It seems that women played a major role in this respect side by side with men .
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
493
534
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83162_e7d11bc0c78beaaad2fbc7b4e5a8f74d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83162
The Inferential Function of 'I mean' and its Arabic Equivalents in Literary Discourse with Reference to Translation
Anis
Behnam Naoum
Translation Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
Building on the fact that 'I mean' is one of the basic features of an interactive spontaneous speech, it is hypothesized that the function and meaning of 'I mean' should be interpreted in light of pragmatic (and contextual) aspects of the interaction. However, failure to communicate/translate 'I mean' is likely to take place when it introduces an utterance that does not actually refer backwards to something (and) not shared by the participants in the interaction. Consequently, lack of this pragmatic competence may result in communicative / translation failure. It is also hypothesized that intimacy of the participants in an interaction and its degree of formality determines the use and meaning of 'I mean'. Moreover, due to the fact that our student-translators have no actual exposure to the English language use, they are likely to have inappropriate use of discourse markers in general and 'I mean" in particular. Again failure to translate them into Arabic is most likely.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
1
28
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83205_5d82306b92fba05acb043b585a683b2e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83205
Originality of Authorship in Dean Koontz’s CO LD FIRE
Lanja
A. Dabbagh
English Language Department / College of Languages / Salah al-Din University
author
Ismael
M. Saeed
English Language Department / College of Languages / Salah al-Din University
author
text
article
2013
ara
Dean Koontz (born 1945) is an author trying to interpret the cultural and social milieu of his country and his times. His university education drove him to the world of English and American Literature, inducing in him self-criticism and the criticism of any probable seemingly intellectual background. He is aware of today’s political, spiritual, and philosophical issues.He has taken a keen interest in the curious. He is fond of the rear corridors of the sub-conscious.His works can be additionally meaningful to the well-informed, rational audience and enjoyable by the less critical mindset. According to Terry Eagleton’s MARXISM & LITERARY CRITICISM
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
29
42
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83208_0c46aba5e3bd40ca069e441de8edf9a9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83208
Symbolism of Purple in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry
Hazha
Salih Hassan
Department of English Language / College of Basic Education / University of Salah al-Din
author
text
article
2013
ara
The 19th Century American poet Emily Dickinson was born in a Calvinist (puritan) family in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1830 and died there in 1886. The use of color is very frequent in her poetry. This is certainly related to her being lived in a rural environment surrounded by beautiful natural scenes; amazing fantastic colors of gardens, flowers, beautiful hills around her. These made her became entrapped by magic of the colorful objects very easily and use them in creating her poetic images connecting the nature around her with her spiritual world. Chase stated, “The use of colors is one of the
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
43
74
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83214_63454c2d9bc5da9af96704648e357be5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83214
Common Methodology Adopted by English Language Teachers in Counterpart Departments in Mosul University
Rafal
Mahmoud Jasim
University of Mosul – College of Administration & Economics
author
text
article
2013
ara
Language is a means by which human beings communicate with each other ( Al_Ni'aimi , 2004:1). As such, people learn a language in order to use it in real situations. This is so because much of the language we use in everyday life is motivated by a desire for self- expression, i.e. exchanging thoughts, feelings, and concepts as opposed to the mere conveying of information or getting things done ( Abdul-Fatah, 1997:8). Of the thousands of languages in the world, English is the most widely spoken as a mother tongue and taught as a foreign language (Al_Dulaimi: 2003,1). Language teaching is a complex process, where teachers have to follow a methodology, i.e. the application of knowledge to the practical tasks of teaching
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
75
94
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83219_013a4e160fa021e22d86538af0d4176e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83219
The Use of the Bible in Two Selected Novels of Steinbeck
Shayma’
Abdual Aali Jassim
Department of English Language / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The Bible has long inspired artists of every descriptions to portray our fallible human life. Many sections of the Bible are made up of narrative, it is natural that its influences will find their ways into a rang of literature. There are some novels that put biblical chapters into different contexts, and others use biblical themes without acknowledging the debt to the Bible. Steinbeck’s East of Eden is not the only novel to use the Cain- Able and prodigal son stories, Jeffery Archer also used the same theme in his Kane and Able. There are other themes inspired from the Bible that strongly bound up in human life, such as: building Soloman’s temple or Noah’s Ark, the stories of men’s and women’s betrayals ; Eve’s seducing Adam to eat from the forbidden tree; Abraham preparing to sacrifice his son, all these are common themes in English Literature.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
95
110
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83220_bf056c4d93a8d5ccd5a3a33eeac252c9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83220
Le rêve du poète dans "j'ai tant rêvé de toi" de Robert Desnos Étude analytique
Manal
Hamdi Fathy
French Language Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The research marked (the poet’s dream) in Robert Desnos’s poem “I dreamed of you a lot” revolves around two axes: the first is a metaphysical one relating to the poet’s dream about the ideal image of humanity. As for the second axis: it revolves around the axis of love and death, and it is a philosophical axis related to presence and absence. In this poem, the poet searches for the ideal and the light that is incompatible with darkness and shade, taking women and creative work as a solution to this complex philosophical problem.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
111
120
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83224_d0586b1914a77a8f141db4cb3f5752df.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83224
La particularité de l'usage du discours direct, indirect et indirect libre dans ''Madame Bovary'' de Flaubert
Hanan
Hachim Mohammed S'aïd
French Language Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
The research sheds light on studying the use of direct, indirect and indirect (free) speech in the novel (Madame Bovary) by the French writer Gustave Flaubert. It is necessary to mention that it is one of the features that characterize this novel, which this writer often uses to convey to the reader the ideas and words of his fictional characters, as the term (discourse) has a multi-meaning in the field or the linguistic field; As this discourse is due to a sublime linguistic unit in the sentence and also to research applications that carry within it two basic points: social and linguistic, and the goal of this research is to explain in general to the reader the importance of free direct and indirect speech in French language and literature, and to know in a way Especially the use of free direct and indirect speech in this novel; Because the writer used in his novel these kinds of speeches in a way that attracted the attention of readers, theoretical study on this topic also helps us to know what kind of speeches were used extensively in his novel. Finally, we can say that indirect (free) speech helps in expressing secrets. And the very deep impressions in the spirit of the fictional characters that Flaubert invented and employed in his realistic novel, in addition to that, indirect (free) speech for him is the fertile ground for psychological and mental analysis, so with this kind of method, the Flaubert character is left to go and discover all her pent-up feelings and feelings on the screen That which is the true observer is the reader himself.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
121
136
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83227_6b7a9be17eef306aa3cedd8cbcc7c21a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83227
Le pathétique dans Paul et Virginie de Bernardin de Saint-Pierre
Ahmad
Hassan
French Language Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
Abdulrahman
Abdu-Rhim
French Language Department / College of Arts / University of Mosul
author
text
article
2013
ara
This research sheds light on the issue of arousing emotions, which is considered one of the most important concepts of the romantic movement that flourished in the nineteenth century in Europe. The hero of this novel affects the reader because of his poverty and the loss of his father from a young age. What adds to his sadness and misery is that he could not marry the girl he loved so much, who died by drowning after returning from her aunt from France. Virginia's death results in the death of her mother and Paul, and this novel gives us a clear picture of the great difference between the rich and the poor classes of society.
Adab Al-Rafidayn
College of Arts, University of Mosul
0378-2867
43
v.
67
no.
2013
137
150
https://radab.mosuljournals.com/article_83229_06c181a2d771b4998f1ba41c2d62b18b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.33899/radab.2013.83229